Introduction Kirsten rat sarcoma virus (KRAS) is a signal-transducing proto-oncogene that belongs to the superfamily of small GTPases (Gimple & Wang, 2019). KRAS, HRAS, NRAS, and other RAS family proteins act as molecular switches that alternate …
Introduction Sister chromatid cohesion of chromosomes is carried out by a multi-subunit complex, called cohesin, which in fission yeast comprises two SMC (structural maintenance of chromosome) family proteins, Psm1 and Psm3, a kleisin Rad21 subunit and an …
Introduction Cutaneous melanoma is a type of skin cancer that has become increasingly common in recent decades. It is the 17th most common cancer worldwide, the 13th most common cancer in men, and the 15th most common cancer in women, according to the …
Abstract During their differentiation, neurons establish a highly polarized morphology by forming axons and dendrites. Cortical and hippocampal neurons initially extend several short neurites that all have the potential to become an axon. One of these …
Introduction Junctophilin-2 (JPH2) is a structural protein that connects the plasma membrane (PM) to intracellular organelles such as the endo/sarcoplasmic reticulum (ER/SR) in striated muscle cells (Nishi et al, 2000). Inherited variants in the JPH2 gene …
Detecting structural variants (SVs) in whole-genome sequencing poses significant challenges. We present a protocol for variant calling, merging, genotyping, sensitivity analysis, and laboratory validation for generating a high-quality SV call set in whole- …
Introduction The IFN-stimulated gene of 20 kD (ISG20) is an antiviral RNase that belongs to the DnaQ-like exonuclease superfamily, which is highly conserved across prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Members of this superfamily present a common catalytic core …
Abstract During development, different tissues acquire distinct lipotypes that are coupled to tissue function and homeostasis. In the brain, where complex membrane trafficking systems are required for neural function, specific glycerophospholipids, …
Introduction Fed-fast cycles and the associated anabolic-catabolic transitions are vital for physiological homeostasis, and inefficient toggling is known to cause metabolic diseases and accelerated aging (Ribarič, 2012; Suliga et al, 2015; Geisler et al, …
Introduction Osteoclasts, large multinucleated cells (MNCs) formed by the fusion of precursors of the monocyte-macrophage lineage, are the only cells responsible for bone resorption (Boyle et al, 2003). In Paget’s disease of bone (PDB) characterized by …
COVID-19 caused by infections with SARS-CoV-2 are accompanied by heterogeneous indications ranging from asymptomatic infections to serious and life-threatening manifestations, representing a major challenge to foretell COVID-19 disease outcome (Bean et al, …
Inflammation and skeletal homeostasis are closely intertwined. Inflammatory diseases are associated with local and systemic bone loss, and post-menopausal osteoporosis is linked to low-level chronic inflammation. Phosphoinositide-3-kinase signalling is a …
Introduction Proteins are essential for a large variety of functions in an organism. They provide the building blocks of the cell, the basis for cell signalling, metabolic activity, transport of molecules, DNA replication, structure, response to stimuli, …
Breast implants are extensively employed for both reconstructive and esthetic purposes. However, the safety of breast implants with textured surfaces has been questioned, owing to a potential correlation with anaplastic large-cell lymphoma and the …
Introduction Cilia are microtubule (MT)-based organelles that emanate from the surface of eukaryotic cells and are vital for several functions, including motility and sensing (reviewed in Reiter & Leroux [2017]; Breslow & Holland [2019]; Sreekumar …
Introduction Formation of functioning skeletal muscles, that is, myogenesis, is a highly ordered process involving multiple steps of cell fate decisions (Bentzinger et al, 2012). Skeletal muscles are made of myofiber bundles, which are composed of myotubes …
Introduction Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP, #135100; OMIM) is a rare genetic disease characterized by progressive and systemic heterotopic ossification in soft tissues such as skeletal muscles, tendons, ligaments, and fasciae (Shore & …
The ubiquitin-specific protease (USP) family of deubiquitinases (DUBs) controls cellular ubiquitin-dependent signaling events. This generates therapeutic potential, with active-site inhibitors in preclinical and clinical studies. Understanding of the USP …
Correction: Mitochondrial protein compartmentalization in zebrafish Barbara Uszczynska-Ratajczak, Sreedevi Sugunan, Monika Kwiatkowska, Maciej Migdal, Silvia Carbonell-Sala, Anna Sokol, Cecilia L Winata, Agnieszka Chacinska Life Science Alliance Feb 2024, …
Introduction Integrins mediate bidirectional signals between the ECM and epithelial cells (Manninen, 2015). These receptors are predominantly located in the basal membrane, whereas junctional complexes delimit apical from basolateral membranes. Junctional …
