S. 4394 would authorize the National Science Foundation (NSF) to establish scholarships, fellowships, research awards, and education centers to promote the development and deployment of artificial intelligence (AI) in the workforce and in K-12 education. S. 4394 also would direct NSF to issue guidance for using AI in K-12 education. CBO estimates that enacting S. 4394 would not affect direct spending or revenues. CBO has not estimated the bill’s effects on spending subject to appropriation. The bill contains no intergovernmental or private-sector mandates as defined in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act.